diff --git a/static/style.css b/static/style.css
index 211773cf5acda80c4515ad765bd9606a831293e3..39aa4d2153bee2bce64be8a67421afb88191c887 100644
--- a/static/style.css
+++ b/static/style.css
@@ -75,6 +75,15 @@ a[href^="#ref"] { /* Styling all hyperlinks */
padding: 0;
}
+.padd-model{
+ padding-top: 0px;
+}
+
+@media (min-width: 768px) { /* Adjust 768px to your breakpoint */
+ .padd-model{
+ padding-top: 150px;
+ }
+}
.highlight {/* Box to highlight a section in the text */
@@ -85,6 +94,31 @@ a[href^="#ref"] { /* Styling all hyperlinks */
}
+/* Default style for smaller screens */
+.responsive-img {
+ width: 100%;
+ height: auto; /* Keeps the aspect ratio */
+}
+
+/* Style for larger screens */
+@media (min-width: 768px) { /* Adjust 768px to your breakpoint */
+ .responsive-img {
+ width: 75%;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Default style for smaller screens */
+.responsive-img-smaller {
+ width: 100%;
+ height: auto; /* Keeps the aspect ratio */
+}
+
+/* Style for larger screens */
+@media (min-width: 768px) { /* Adjust 768px to your breakpoint */
+ .responsive-img-smaller {
+ width: 50%;
+ }
+}
/* -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Progress bar -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= */
#progress-bar {
position: fixed;
@@ -1185,25 +1219,43 @@ html {
/* -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Contribution.html-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= */
-/* Individual Contribution Box */
+/* Contribution box styling */
.contribution-box {
border: 2px solid #ccc;
padding: 20px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
- background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1); /* Light grey with 50% transparency */
- opacity: 1; /* Ensures it is visible */
- transform: translateY(0); /* Default position */
+ background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
+ opacity: 1;
+ transform: translateY(0);
transition: opacity 1s ease, transform 1s ease;
margin: 10px 10px 30px 10px;
+ display: flex;
+ flex-direction: column; /* To align content vertically within each box */
+ flex-grow: 1; /* Ensures each box stretches to match the tallest */
}
/* Hover Effect for the Contribution Box */
.contribution-box:hover {
- background-color: rgba(173, 216, 230, 0.3); /* Light blue on hover */
+ background-color: rgba(173, 216, 230, 0.3);
box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
+/* Flexbox container */
+.flex-container {
+ display: flex;
+ flex-wrap: wrap;
+ gap: 20px;
+}
+
+/* Bootstrap column fix */
+.flex-container .row {
+ display: flex;
+ width: 100%;
+ align-items: stretch; /* Ensures all columns (boxes) stretch to the same height */
+}
+
+
/* -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= Awards.html-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= */
/* Individual Contribution Box */
diff --git a/wiki/footer.html b/wiki/footer.html
index 24af6993352a7244d72682579ad63bb6cb18c7a6..1d670e4b6ab810d3422fedf3cea4ef34738b7129 100644
--- a/wiki/footer.html
+++ b/wiki/footer.html
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@
</div>
<div class="col-lg-3 col-sm-12">
<h4 class="mt-lg-0 mt-sm-4 mb-2">Contact us</h4>
+ <div class="row mt-4"></div>
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/logos/igem-logo-transparent-white.png" alt="igemuzh logo" class=" sponsor-logo left-aligned">
<!-- Location and Mail Section -->
<div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px;">
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@
<!-- Follow Us Section -->
<h4 class="mt-lg-4 mt-sm-4 mb-2">Follow us</h4>
+ <div class="row mt-2"></div>
<div class="social-icons">
<!-- Instagram -->
<a href="https://www.instagram.com/igem_uzurich/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="text-decoration: none">
diff --git a/wiki/layout_TOC.html b/wiki/layout_TOC.html
index 34028066fd3698567f0fbb6cb71a0f8b166cd327..0d4cf0ff7938c37c5b1e25e56ee2c8ed205256a7 100644
--- a/wiki/layout_TOC.html
+++ b/wiki/layout_TOC.html
@@ -93,6 +93,6 @@
var scrolled = (winScroll / height) * 100;
document.getElementById("progress-bar").style.width = scrolled + "%";
};
- </script>
+ </script>
</body>
</html>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/description.html b/wiki/pages/description.html
index a0e1b600cd2df9ff351744653aaec4c16af243b0..ac3d34370ad42d29390b048d0a09c0c050697d92 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/description.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/description.html
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
</div>
<div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-1">
<p>
- Global food systems are facing difficult challenges: One in seven people still suffers from inadequate nutrition, while the growing global population is expected to increase food demand by at least 50% by 2050 <a href="#ref1">1</a><sup>,</sup><a href="#ref2">2</a>.
+ Global food systems are facing difficult challenges: One in seven people still suffer from inadequate nutrition, while the growing global population is expected to increase food demand by at least 50% by 2050 <a href="#ref1">1</a><sup>,</sup><a href="#ref2">2</a>.
This results in the intensifying competition for critical resources such as land, water, and energy – a challenge already evident today.
</p>
<p>
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
Even Switzerland - a country known for its abundance of water - suffered from droughts.
We urgently have to address climate change with sustainable solutions that preserve and protect our planet and our future on it.
Our team was fascinated by the complex symbioses between plants and microorganisms.
- We wondered if we could use this interaction to address these challenges in agriculture
+ We wondered if we could use this interaction to address these challenges in agriculture.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
</p>
<p>
PGPR can form biofilm structures on plant roots.
- These biofilms are composed of a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that can retain or attract water and form a protective barrier against environmental stresses.
+ A biofilm is a community of microorganisms that produce a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that can retain or attract water and form a protective barrier against environmental stresses.
For instance, <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> forms a biofilm that combats drought stresses, while the biofilm of <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> enhances salt stress tolerance in barley<a href="#ref7">7</a>.
</p>
</div>
@@ -88,21 +88,21 @@
<h2>Molecular Mechanism</h2>
<hr>
<p>
- To achieve a strong biofilm, we will genetically modify <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i>IsoF to overexpress cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) when in proximity to plant roots.
+ To achieve a strong biofilm, we genetically modify <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF to overexpress cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) when in proximity to plant roots.
C-di-GMP is a secondary messenger molecule, which regulates biofilm production.
We explore two distinct pathways that complement each other to increase c-di-GMP levels: our first strategy increases the expression of diguanylate cyclase (DGC), an enzyme essential for c-di-GMP synthesis.
Our second strategy targets phosphodiesterase (PDE), an enzyme responsible for degrading c-di-GMP.
- We will inhibit PDE transcription using dCas9 and sgRNA to prevent c-di-GMP breakdown.
+ We inhibit PDE transcription using dCas9 and sgRNA to prevent c-di-GMP breakdown.
</p>
<p>
- To limit the metabolic stress on our engineered bacteria we will only induce its increased biofilm production when it is near plant roots.
+ To limit the metabolic stress on our engineered bacteria we only induce its increased biofilm production when it is near plant roots.
This requires a sensing system that enables the bacteria to detect xylose, a sugar that is exuded by plant roots.
When xylose is sensed, the bacteria activates a positive feedback loop.
This not only triggers the mechanisms to increase c-di-GMP, but also starts the production of a toxin which is an integral part of our killswitch design.
</p>
</div>
<div class="row mt-4 image-description">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project-description/img-04.png" alt="Molecular Mechanism" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 75%;">
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project-description/img-04.png" alt="Molecular Mechanism" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img">
<p>
Image Description:
<ol>
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@
</div>
<div class="row mt-0">
<p>
- To ensure environmental safety and prevent the spread of our engineered bacteria beyond the target plant, we will incorporate a kill switch through a toxin/antitoxin system.
- This mechanism will trigger cell death when the bacteria move away from the root zone by stopping the production of the antitoxin, while the toxin is still produced.
+ To ensure environmental safety and prevent the spread of our engineered bacteria beyond the target plant, we incorporate a kill switch through a toxin/antitoxin system.
+ This mechanism triggers cell death when the bacteria move away from the root zone by stopping the production of the antitoxin, while the toxin is still produced.
</p>
</div>
@@ -141,6 +141,15 @@
</p>
</div>
+ <div class="row mt-4">
+ <div class="col-lg-12">
+ <h2>Our Project Presentation Video</h2>
+ <hr>
+ <p>UZurich: RhyzUp - Drought Resistance Through Biofilm Enhancement (2024) - Team Presentation [English]</p>
+ <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://video.igem.org/videos/embed/b2a999ad-14d2-4a4e-b0cb-b9fc67681cf5" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
<!-- Sixth Section: References-->
<div class="container-references">
<div class="row mt-4">
diff --git a/wiki/pages/education.html b/wiki/pages/education.html
index 5d7412095a70a32ef02f9572d3fdc488b86a1202..5ba7222f2b1e959342b72a5e16f947d3cce21a61 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/education.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/education.html
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
In collaboration with the association “Sorten für morgenâ€, we were able to visit the Agroscope’s Protected Site alongside Swiss parliamentarians and researchers in May.
</p>
<p>
- The visit started with three presentations on GMO Legislation, gene technology and consumer perception of GMOs. Next up was a tour of the testing field where we got to see the current experiments run by Agroscope in partnership with several Universities. After the tour, we were able to present our iGEM project RhyzUp to the other participants and also pointed out how important genetic engineering for research purposes is for us as an iGEM-Team.
+ The visit started with three presentations on GMO Legislation, gene technology and consumer perception of GMOs. Next up was a tour of the testing field where we got to see the current experiments run by Agroscope in partnership with several universities. After the tour, we were able to present our iGEM project RhyzUp to the other participants and also pointed out how important genetic engineering for research purposes is for us as an iGEM-Team.
</p>
<p>
By actively participating in the visit of the Protected Site, we were able to give our standpoint on novel gene technologies and inform the other participants about the problems tackled by our project. We believe that our presentation had an impact as we were able to present in front of several Swiss parliamentarians. Optimally, this made them reflect on their position regarding GMO legislation and highlighted the opportunities that synthetic biology brings.
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
During the first takeover in late July, users were able to join us for a day on the account’s story, getting an insight into the work we do in the wet lab, dry lab and human practices.
</p>
<p>
- The second takeover takes place during the iGEM Grand Jamboree, where we are glad to share our experience at the world’s biggest synthetic biology competition with the instagram community of the University of Zurich.
+ The second takeover took place during the iGEM Grand Jamboree, where we shared our experience at the world’s biggest synthetic biology competition with the Instagram community of the University of Zurich.
</p>
<p>
Follow our Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/igem_uzurich/" class="hyperlink-under">here</a>.
diff --git a/wiki/pages/engineering.html b/wiki/pages/engineering.html
index 3e325dea65b517e0828c693d893043104ed326f8..0e01fc4d85ea8846287510be67f6305dae64c65c 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/engineering.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/engineering.html
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
] %}
{% extends "layout_TOC.html" %}
-{% set header_background_url = "https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/engineering/headpage-35.jpg" %}
+{% set header_background_url = "https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/engineering/headpage-44.webp" %}
{% block title %}{% endblock %}
{% block lead %}{% endblock %}
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
We also utilized several of the provided backbones: pJUMP28-1A, pJUMP23-1A,pJUMP28-1B, pJUMP29-1C, pJUMP29-1D, pJUMP43-2A and pJUMP45-2A.
</p>
<p>
- Additionally we received a level 0 backbone, the pBP, from this year’s iDEC (International Directed Evolution Competition) team from the University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, for which we are very grateful.
+ Additionally we received a level 0 backbone, the pBP, from this year’s iDEC team Evolution Suisse from the University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, for which we are very grateful.
We researched all the gene sequences, attached the appropriate adaptors and ordered them through Twist.
</p>
<div class="image-model">
@@ -99,8 +99,7 @@
Due to a misunderstanding when reading the paper, we thought the XutR complex would bind to the PXut directly.
To test the functionality of the PXut, we therefore assembled the level 2 testing plasmid pT12Rhyz01 (<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='parts') }}" class="hyperlink-under">refer to Parts for more details</a>) without the operator sequence after the PXut.
pT12Rhyz01 consists of pT11Rhyz01, pT11Rhyz02 and two linker transcription units.
- The xylose-binding protein XutR is constitutively expressed using the promoter BBa_J23119 on the first transcription unit, since we don’t want the promoter’s activation to be limited due to the insufficient expression of XutR but rather due to the presence or absence of xylose.
- Since we don’t want the promoter’s activation to be limited due to the insufficient expression of XutR but rather due to the presence or absence of xylose.
+ The xylose-binding protein XutR is constitutively expressed using the promoter BBa_J23119 on the first transcription unit, since we don’t want the promoter’s activation to be limited due to the insufficient expression of XutR but rather due to the presence or absence of xylose.
The second transcription unit encodes the xylose-induced promoter (PXut) and a GFP (without the operator sequence).
We introduced the pT12Rhyz01 plasmid into <i>E. coli</i> SY327 and then transferred pT12Rhyz01 into <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF using Triparental Conjugation (<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='experiments') }}" class="hyperlink-under">refer to experiment for more details</a>).
</p>
@@ -186,15 +185,7 @@
<div class="row mt-4">
<h4>Test</h4>
<p>
- Due to time constraints we were not able to perform the sensing assay before the Wiki freeze.
- In case the digestion ligation was successful we will perform the following assay and then present the result in the judging session at the Grand Jamboree.
- </p>
- <p>
- We decided to perform two sensing assays simultaneously.
- For the first assay, we will induce our overnight cultures with the different xylose concentrations.
- We will then adjust the cultures again to an OD of 0.01, pipette 180ul into each well and induce them again with xylose.
- For the second sensing assay, we won’t induce the overnights with xylose.
- We will adjust the cultures in the morning, pipette each strain into the well and induce them directly in the well with the different xylose concentrations.
+ Unfortunately the oligo annealing and digestion ligation failed, due to unspecific binding of the primer. For future experiments we will therefore repeat this step and then conduct the second sensing assay.
</p>
</div>
@@ -294,29 +285,29 @@
<th style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;color: var(--light-blue);">mutated amino acid</th>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF wt</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC PisoF wt</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>none</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF R196A</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC PisoF R196A</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF</td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">arginine at position 240 was substituted with alanine</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">arginine at position 196 was altered to an alanine </td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF R240A</td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF</td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">arginine at position 196</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC PisoF R240A</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>P. sp.</i> IsoF</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">arginine at position 240 was altered to an alanine</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC <i>P. aeruginosa</i> wt</td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC WspR wt</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>P. aeruginosa</i></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">none</td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC <i>P. aeruginosa</i> R242A</td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i></td>
- <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">Arginine at position 242 altered to alanine</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">DGC WspR R242A</td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;"><i>P. aeruginosa</i></td>
+ <td style="border: 1px solid #ddd; padding: 8px;">arginine at position 242 was altered to an alanine</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="image-description" style="padding-top:0; padding-left:0">
diff --git a/wiki/pages/entrepreneurship.html b/wiki/pages/entrepreneurship.html
index 239df785bc420f09ba1f59fceac0dca5d33de535..1a227b4b383f402edcba26df6994b743fa7da194 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/entrepreneurship.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/entrepreneurship.html
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
One advantage of RhyzUp with respect to this rule is that it uses only one strain of bacteria, making it easier to verify that the product contains only endemic strains.
</p>
<p>
- The biggest problem with Switzerland, however, is that we used technologies in our project that would classify the <i>P. sp. IsoF</i> in our product as a GMO.
+ The biggest problem with Switzerland, however, is that we used technologies in our project that would classify the <i>P. sp. </i>IsoF in our product as a GMO.
In Switzerland, the use of GMOs in seeds, pesticides and fertilizers is currently not allowed and no applications for approval are pending.<a href="#ref9">9</a>
This is due to a so-called moratorium (legal postponement) on the use of GMOs in agriculture, which was introduced in 2005 and extended by the Swiss government for another 4 years in 2021.<a href="#ref10">10</a>
As these four years are coming to an end, several associations are calling on the Swiss government to finally decide on the regulation of GMOs in agriculture instead of extending it for another four years.
diff --git a/wiki/pages/experiments.html b/wiki/pages/experiments.html
index 4032b948ffef5f423fa7fe9c6b85f1be0ed1f986..6e82d779d7ea3eeb39bd361bb2aae725b916a9ff 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/experiments.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/experiments.html
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
] %}
{% extends "layout_TOC.html" %}
-{% set header_background_url = "https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/experiments/headpage-38.jpg" %}
+{% set header_background_url = "https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/experiments/headpage-45.webp" %}
{% block title %}{% endblock %}
{% block lead %}{% endblock %}
diff --git a/wiki/pages/home.html b/wiki/pages/home.html
index 94f54f0cd4f9675242c13b38780a39f857247703..a62912758557f91b227858100bd7e8b049ff98eb 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/home.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/home.html
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
<div class="circle-content">
<h4 class="circle-subtitle">Drought and Heat</h4>
<p>
- Crops losses caused by heat and drought tripled in the last fifty years and climate change can explain the increase in frequency and severity.<a href="#ref1">1</a>
+ Crop losses caused by heat and drought tripled in the last fifty years and climate change can explain the increase in frequency and severity.<a href="#ref1">1</a>
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -114,18 +114,6 @@
<button class="quiz-answer" data-correct="false">USD 730 billion</button>
</div>
</div>
-
- <!-- Question 4
- <div class="quiz-question" data-question="4">
- <p class="question-text">What is the extent of crop and livestock production loss caused by drought? <a href="#ref6">6</a></p>
- <div class="quiz-answers">
- <button class="quiz-answer" data-correct="false">7.3%</button>
- <button class="quiz-answer" data-correct="true">34%</button>
- <button class="quiz-answer" data-correct="false">48%</button>
- <button class="quiz-answer" data-correct="false">61%</button>
- </div>
- </div>
- -->
</div>
<button id="next-question" class="quiz-nav">→</button>
@@ -136,20 +124,19 @@
<div class="progress-box" id="progress-box-1"></div>
<div class="progress-box" id="progress-box-2"></div>
<div class="progress-box" id="progress-box-3"></div>
- <div class="progress-box" id="progress-box-4"></div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Fourth Section: Normal Text Block (fade-in with transparency) -->
<div class="row mt-4 fade-in-block">
<div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
- <h2> OUR SOLUTION: Hyper Robust Biofilm </h2>
+ <h2> OUR SOLUTION: Hyper-Robust Biofilm </h2>
<hr>
<p>
- We engineer <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> isoF, a bacteria found in the rhizosphere, to form an enhanced biofilm on plant roots.
+ We engineer <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF, a bacteria found in the rhizosphere, to form an enhanced biofilm on plant roots.
This biofilm increases the plant's tolerance to drought, improves the uptake of nutrients and offers protection against pathogens.
</p>
- <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='description') }}" class="hyperlink-button"> More details in the Project description</a>
+ <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='description') }}" class="hyperlink-button"> More details in the project description</a>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project-description/igem-drawing-02.png" alt="iGEM drawing" class="img-fluid" style="max-width: 70%; height: auto;">
@@ -180,7 +167,7 @@
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/logos/eyedropper.svg" alt="icon" style="width: 28px; height: 22px; margin-right: 8px;">
WET LAB
</h3>
- <p>Our RhyzUp Wet Lab team has been working tirelessly all summer, designing, engineering and testing our genetic circuits to make our dream of a hyper robust biofilm come true.</p>
+ <p>Our RhyzUp Wet Lab team has been working tirelessly all summer, designing, engineering and testing our genetic circuits to make our dream of a hyper-robust biofilm come true.</p>
<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='results') }}" class="hyperlink-button">Learn more about what they did</a>
</div>
<div class="subteam-box">
@@ -200,6 +187,14 @@
<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='human-practices') }}" class="hyperlink-button">Learn more about what they did</a>
</div>
</div>
+ <div class="row mt-4">
+ <div class="col-lg-12">
+ <h2>The (Almost) Original Tale of How Our Project Idea Was Born</h2>
+ <hr>
+ <p>UZurich: RhyzUp - Drought Resistance Through Biofilm (2024) - Project Promotion [English]</p>
+ <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://video.igem.org/videos/embed/664b10eb-142f-406e-8832-5ce95e465e2c" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+ </div>
+ </div>
<!-- Sixth Section: References-->
<div class="container-references">
<div class="row mt-4">
diff --git a/wiki/pages/human-practices.html b/wiki/pages/human-practices.html
index b23eaa3b3fa5b239df2a2565708e724379d20732..85a7e2426fe50c068c7a81f1359fdab9d3cd71fd 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/human-practices.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/human-practices.html
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@
It was also important for us to contribute to education as part of our ongoing efforts in promoting synthetic biology.
</p>
<p>
- Our work in Human Practices can be divided into the following categories: Sustainable Development, Integrated Human Practices, Entrepreneurship and Implementation, and Education. In all these areas, interviewing with stakeholders has been central in developing RhyzUp.
+ Our work in Human Practices can be divided into the following categories: Sustainable Development, Integrated Human Practices, Entrepreneurship and Implementation, and Education. In all these areas, interviewing stakeholders has been central in developing RhyzUp.
</p>
<p>
We had the chance to record many of these interviews.
Through this, we were able to show the reality of farmers and expert opinions on screen and provide more engaging visual content, thus having a bigger impact with our Human Practices efforts.
- All the recordings can be found in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews chapter</a>.
+ All the recordings can be found on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
Once we had a good understanding of sustainability in agriculture, we assessed our project’s effects on broader societal issues. As an innovative tool to combat drought and a range of other threats to agriculture, RhyzUp targets several of the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
</p>
<p>
- These can be found in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='sustainable') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices subchapter on Sustainable Development</a>.
+ These can be found on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='sustainable') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Sustainable Development page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
Talking with people who would ultimately be affected by RhyzUp helped shape our project.
We assessed the needs of farmers through research and exchange, both in Switzerland and around the world.
We also had a lot of input from scientists who provided valuable feedback and influenced the general direction of our project.
- In the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='integrated-human-practices') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Integrated Human Practices subfolder</a>, you can find out how different stakeholders helped form our project.
+ On the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='integrated-human-practices') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Integrated Human Practices page</a>, you can find out how different stakeholders helped form our project.
In addition, the Integrated Human Practices chapter includes several opinions on the regulation of GMOs in agriculture. We talked to associations critical of the commercial use of GMOs in agriculture, as well as associations pushing for the legalization of cisgenetically modified crops in Switzerland.
To understand public attitudes towards GMO products, we spoke to an expert in consumer behavior.
We also spoke to an ethics researcher to inquire about the ethical conflicts surrounding synthetic biology and sustainability in agriculture.
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
By talking to farmers, agronomy experts and a company that already sells products based on rhizobacteria, we were able to get a good idea of how RhyzUp could be used outside the lab.
We also tried to estimated the current demand for a product like ours and whether this demand will increase in the future.
Additionally, we checked the current regulation and approval in Switzerland for our project as a potential product.
- All of this can be found in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Entrepreneurship and Implementation subfolder</a>.
+ All of this can be found on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Entrepreneurship and Implementation page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
<p>
In terms of education, we wanted to target different demographics and age groups.
We did this by organizing talks, school lessons, workshops, and presentations for a variety of people ranging from politicians to school students.
- You can read more about this on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='education') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Education subpage</a>.
+ You can read more about this on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='education') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Education page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
<h2>Interviews</h2>
<hr>
<p>
- The <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews subfolder</a> contains recorded interviews with a handful of the stakeholders we spoke to.
+ The <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews section</a> contains recorded interviews with a handful of the stakeholders we spoke to.
The interviews provided valuable insights into topics such as consumers’ perceptions of GMOs, agroecology and meteorology, the ethics of synthetic biology, and current challenges in agriculture. Go check it out!
</p>
</div>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/integrated-human-practices.html b/wiki/pages/integrated-human-practices.html
index 38cc7832f83b180511ce2e2793c046d7bb8ab59a..b26391e3c78ed85265f6d183e657827f83afa1ac 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/integrated-human-practices.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/integrated-human-practices.html
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@
<p>
Is our idea feasible? What is our project good for? Who benefits from our project? What are the ethical and legal constraints of our concept?
Every iGEM project needs to consider these questions. To understand how RhyzUp is good for the world and what has to be considered for it to be a responsible project, we reached out to people from different backgrounds from the very beginning.
- The input we received from stakeholders was key to adapting and reflecting on our project and making it as feasible as possible along with being able to fully understand the potential uses of our engineered <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> isoF strain.
+ The input we received from stakeholders was key to adapting and reflecting on our project and making it as feasible as possible along with being able to fully understand the potential uses of our engineered <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF strain.
</p>
<p>
Since the beginning of our adventure, we knew that we wanted to contribute to the agriculture of the future. We wanted to design a project that would help agriculture become more sustainable while being adaptable to the problems of today and tomorrow.
- Our special interest in symbiotic relationships between crops and microorganisms led us to stumble across <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> isoF as a root biofilm-forming bacteria.
+ Our special interest in symbiotic relationships between crops and microorganisms led us to stumble across <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF as a root biofilm-forming bacteria.
</p>
<p>
At first, we were overwhelmed with questions such as: What strain do we use? How can we improve the symbiotic relationship between our bacteria and the plant? What molecular pathways could we use for our mechanism? How do we test if our bacteria actually benefit the plants?
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
</p>
<p>
To better understand the viewpoints of the people we talked to, we filmed the interviews with the people of the chapters “Farmers and Agricultural Experts†and “Ethics, Law, Politics and Consumer Perceptionâ€.
- The cut interviews are free to watch on our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">subpage “Interviewsâ€</a>.
+ The cut interviews are free to watch on our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@
Dr. Zaira Heredia Ponce is a postdoc in Prof. Leo Eberl's group and our main supervisor in the wet lab. Her research interests lie at the intersection of biofilms, flow-cell chambers, microfluidics, and molecular microbiology.
Our initial idea was to overexpress one or two genes that would lead to an increased production of a polysaccharide. However, after our first meeting with her, we learned that biofilm formation could be enhanced more easily by upregulating c-di-GMP levels, a secondary messenger in bacteria.
This approach seemed promising, as it allowed us to increase all components and mechanisms involved in biofilm formation.
- Zaira also helped us decide which bacterial strain to use. We learned that <i>P. sp. isoF</i> is highly competitive and has mechanisms to kill other bacteria strains.
- With her input, we chose to implement our genetic circuit into <i>P. sp.</i> isoF. She also helped us choose our model plant. Since <i>P. sp.</i> isoF was initially discovered on tomato plants, we decided to work with them to avoid introducing additional unknown variables.
+ Zaira also helped us decide which bacterial strain to use. We learned that <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF is highly competitive and has mechanisms to kill other bacteria strains.
+ With her input, we chose to implement our genetic circuit into <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF. She also helped us choose our model plant. Since <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF was initially discovered on tomato plants, we decided to work with them to avoid introducing additional unknown variables.
Once we began working in the lab, Zaira dedicated time and expertise to supervising and assisting us with all aspects of our experiments, especially the c-di-GMP assay and the CRISPRi system.
</p>
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
<div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2">
<p>
Dr. Gabriella Pessi leads a research group in the microbiology department of the University of Zurich.
- There, she focuses on the molecular biology of Paraburkholderia strains that benefit plants through nitrogen-fixing symbiosis and phytopathogen protection.
+ There, she focuses on the molecular biology of <i>Paraburkholderia</i> strains that benefit plants through nitrogen-fixing symbiosis and phytopathogen protection.
Dr. Pessi’s expertise in plant-bacterial symbiosis helped us search for the right plant exudate for our sensing system.
</div>
</div>
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
<p>
Dr. Aurélien Bailly is the leader of one of the sub-teams at Leo Eberl’s research group that focuses on the interaction between bacteria and plants through volatile compounds.
In the meeting with Zaira and him, we learned that increasing c-di-GMP levels in the cell is the usual procedure to enhance biofilm production.
- He recommended insightful papers that helped to determine which of the native DGCs in <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> isoF were best suited for overexpression and which PDEs were best suited for downregulation.
+ He recommended insightful papers that helped to determine which of the native DGCs in <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> IsoF were best suited for overexpression and which PDEs were best suited for downregulation.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
</p>
<!--Maybe section id link!!!-->
<p>
- Vivienne Oggier was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subpage</a>.
+ Vivienne Oggier was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
<li>His fossil fuel free greenhouses</li>
<li>The pros and cons of greenhouse farming versus open field farming</li>
<li>Current issues facing agriculture</li>
- <li>How water is a major cost in farming. Although he has never had to abandon a field because of water shortages, he knows of others who have.</li>
+ <li>How water is a major cost in farming. Although he has never had to abandon a field because of water shortages, he knows of others who have</li>
<li>How consumers receive information and how they perceive sustainability and genetic engineering</li>
<li>The importance of microorganisms for healthy soil</li>
</ul>
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
During our interview, we realized how important consumers are to the supply chain and ultimately to agricultural practices.
We also learned that the use of microorganisms to strengthen crops is possible and important for agriculture and can be implemented in greenhouses and open fields.
</p>
- <p>Fritz Meier was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subpage</a></p>.
+ <p>Fritz Meier was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews page</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@
Through his informative tour, we learned a lot, such as:
<ul>
<li>How they use microorganisms to improve their crops at the Gebrüder Meier farm</li>
- <li>That it might be easier to use microorganisms in greenhouses than in open fields, where they might run off quickly.</li>
- <li>Modern agricultural practices, such as "hydro salads," which conserve water by using a closed water cycle. </li>
+ <li>That it might be easier to use microorganisms in greenhouses than in open fields, where they might run off quickly</li>
+ <li>Modern agricultural practices, such as "hydro salads," which conserve water by using a closed water cycle</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
- The tour Andreas Krättli gave us was very informative. Much of what we learned was useful for the implementation chapter, where we explore how our <i>P. IsoF</i> strain could actually be used in agriculture.
+ The tour Andreas Krättli gave us was very informative. Much of what we learned was useful for the implementation chapter, where we explore how our <i>P. sp. </i>IsoF strain could actually be used in agriculture.
Especially in greenhouses and hydroponic systems, the bacteria could easily be integrated into the closed water cycle.
</p>
</div>
@@ -291,10 +291,10 @@
</p>
<p>
Our exchange with Dr. Mosisa Wakjira taught us that agricultural practices are heavily influenced by the local climate. He showed us the global importance of rainfed agriculture, which led us to conclude that our root-enhancing bacteria work in more than just irrigated systems and greenhouses.
- In addition, his comments on current agricultural practices to prevent water loss taught us the importance of integrating our <i>P. IsoF</i> into a system that is well adapted to dry conditions for a holistic approach to drought.
+ In addition, his comments on current agricultural practices to prevent water loss taught us the importance of integrating our <i>P. sp. </i>IsoF into a system that is well adapted to dry conditions for a holistic approach to drought.
</p>
<p>
- Dr. Mosisa Wakjira was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Human Practices Interviews subpage</a>.
+ Dr. Mosisa Wakjira was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
This supported our decision to use xylose as a sensing molecule since most plant roots exude xylose.
</p>
<p>
- Rahel Emmenegger was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subpage</a>.
+ Rahel Emmenegger was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
It also reminded us of the importance of considering ethics, biosafety, and research independence in a project like ours.
</p>
<p>
- Dr. Anna Deplazes Zemp was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subpage</a>.
+ Dr. Anna Deplazes Zemp was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -432,11 +432,11 @@
The Alliance is generally critical to the use of GMOs in agriculture and, in collaboration with other associations, has formulated conditions for the regulation and legislation of GMOs in agriculture in the form of a national initiative to ensure the coexistence between GMO and non-GMO crops.
Talking to Claudia Vaderna, we were able to understand the counter-arguments to the agricultural applications of genetic engineering, which helped us to reflect on our own project. We learned that:
<ul>
- <li>Certain applications of genetic engineering (such as herbicide resistance in crops) have been damaging the ecology of agricultural land and natural ecosystems.</li>
- <li>Patent rights in Europe for genetically modified seeds could increase seed prices and harm traditional breeding by through limiting access to genetic resources.</li>
- <li>Coexistence between GMO and non-GMO crops is important if GMOs are legalized for cultivation in Switzerland.</li>
- <li>Products containing GMOs should be labeled as such for full consumer transparency.</li>
- <li>It is crucial to study the impact of genetically modified rhizobacteria on field ecology and biosafety.</li>
+ <li>Certain applications of genetic engineering (such as herbicide resistance in crops) have been damaging the ecology of agricultural land and natural ecosystems</li>
+ <li>Patent rights in Europe for genetically modified seeds could increase seed prices and harm traditional breeding by through limiting access to genetic resources</li>
+ <li>Coexistence between GMO and non-GMO crops is important if GMOs are legalized for cultivation in Switzerland</li>
+ <li>Products containing GMOs should be labeled as such for full consumer transparency</li>
+ <li>It is crucial to study the impact of genetically modified rhizobacteria on field ecology and biosafety</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
We were vindicated in our decision to incorporate a sensing mechanism and kill switch into our bacteria to ensure biosafety, but we learned that we would need to conduct a lot of safety testing before we could responsibly apply a product like RhyzUp.
</p>
<p>
- Claudia Vaderna was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subpage</a>.
+ Claudia Vaderna was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@
<li>How Swiss consumers perceive genetically modified food</li>
<li>How consumer opinions are formed and how mental shortcuts (i.e., heuristics) play a role</li>
<li>Exactly what concerns consumers about genetic engineering in crops</li>
- <li>How seeing a relevant individual or societal benefit in genetic engineering increases consumer approval.</li>
+ <li>How seeing a relevant individual or societal benefit in genetic engineering increases consumer approval</li>
<li>How laws and regulations on GMOs might influence consumer opinions on GMO foods in different countries</li>
<li>That bacteria are perceived as dangerous by consumers</li>
<li>That there is currently no freedom of choice for people who want to welcome innovation in agriculture (i.e., new genomic techniques with a specific benefit)</li>
@@ -509,10 +509,10 @@
<p>
The interview with Dr. Angela Bearth was essential for us to understand what obstacles would have to be overcome for our project not to scare consumers if it were to be implemented.
Since our project combines two things that tend to scare many consumers, synthetic biology and bacteria, a lot of education may be needed for our product to be accepted by the general public.
- This demonstrates the importance of our educational efforts. See the<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='education') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Education subpage</a> for more information.
+ This demonstrates the importance of our educational efforts. See the<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='education') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Education page</a> for more information.
</p>
<p>
- Dr. Angela Bearth was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Human Practices Interviews subfolder</a>.
+ Dr. Angela Bearth was one of the stakeholders who agreed to a recorded interview. You can find the interview on the Human Practices <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Interviews subfolder</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -538,19 +538,19 @@
</div>
<div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-1">
<p>
- With his experience at Andermatt Biocontrol Suisse, a company that sells solutions containing rhizobacteria for better plant growth and resistance, among other products.
+ With his experience at Andermatt Biocontrol Suisse, a company that sells solutions containing rhizobacteria for better plant growth and resistance, among other products,
Reto Flückiger was able to teach us:
<ul>
- <li>How products containing rhizobacteria can be applied in the field and in greenhouses.</li>
+ <li>How products containing rhizobacteria can be applied in the field and in greenhouses</li>
<li>The target audience for such products</li>
<li>That there is also a demand for similar products in horticulture</li>
- <li>That storage is a challenge with Pseudomonas strains</li>
+ <li>That storage is a challenge with <i>Pseudomonas</i> strains</li>
<li>How the market has developed over the last 20 years</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>Our exchange with Reto Flückiger was very helpful in understanding the range of application methods of a potential product.
We also learned that agriculture is not the only possible application for RhyzUp, as Andermatt Biocontrol Suisse also has rhizobacteria-based products for horticulture. The discussion helped us to understand the demand for products similar to the project we are currently working on.
- It was particularly helpful in writing the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">chapter on entrepreneurship and implementation</a>.
+ It was particularly helpful in writing the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">page on entrepreneurship and implementation</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/interviews.html b/wiki/pages/interviews.html
index 5b87e68628571436c7f741fa10af602811bb059d..e75b71290d6f13c6701b7981641dd28f2277d35d 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/interviews.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/interviews.html
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://video.igem.org/videos/embed/8e3cf8b0-2aef-4b5b-b24e-4d1615baf2a6" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12">
- <h3>Claudia Vaderna - Schweizer Allianz Gentechfrei (Swiss Alliance for a GMO-free agriculture)</h3>
- <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://video.igem.org/videos/embed/a18d6199-d334-4cc2-ba7d-1364a2f6184a" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+ <h3>Claudia Vaderna - Schweizer Allianz Gentechfrei (Swiss Alliance against Gene Technology)</h3>
+ <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://video.igem.org/videos/embed/64d94ec8-4ae7-4139-a8f6-b8757fff7c30" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
</div>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/model.html b/wiki/pages/model.html
index b5b73e2f67fd819c95744b8fc21320e5551a2374..359cc0f2153508bcbea4104f50697b84ebcaa08a 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/model.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/model.html
@@ -118,9 +118,8 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
</p>
<div class="row mt-0 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/fba-workflow1.png"
- alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto"
- style="width: 70%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 1:</b> Worklfow used when working with FBA. Created using BioRender.com </p>
+ alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img">
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 1:</b> Workflow used when working with FBA. Created using BioRender.com </p>
</div>
<p>
The second step involves making some key assumptions about the model’s functions and structure.
@@ -171,8 +170,7 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
</p>
<div class="row mt-0 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/example-network1.png"
- alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto"
- style="width: 50%;">
+ alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img">
<p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 2:</b> Simple example of a metabolic network. Created with BioRender.com </p>
</div>
<p>
@@ -193,10 +191,11 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<div class="row mt-4">
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/fba-matrix.png" alt="FBA Stoichiometric Matrix" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 3:</b> The metabolic network is converted into a stoichiometric matrix, where the columns are the reactions present in the network and the rows represent metabolites. Some arteficial columns might be added (for example biomass). Created with BioRender.com </p>
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 3:</b> The metabolic network is converted into a stoichiometric matrix, where the columns represent the reactions present in the network and the rows represent the metabolites. Some artificial columns may be added (for example biomass). Created with BioRender.com </p>
</div>
- <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1">
- <p style="padding-top: 150px; padding-left: 100px;">$EX\_A: \quad A\_e$ → $A$ <br>
+ <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1 padd-model">
+ <p style="text-align:center;">
+ $EX\_A: \quad A\_e$ → $A$ <br>
$EX\_B: \quad B\_e$ → $B$ <br>
$EX\_C: \quad C\_e$ → $C$ <br>
$EX\_E: \quad E\_e$ → $E$ <br>
@@ -227,9 +226,8 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
</div>
<div class="row mt-0 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/fba-algorithm1.png"
- alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto"
- style="width: 40%;">
- <p style="text-align:center; padding-left: 230px; padding-right: 230px;"><b>Figure 4:</b> The Simplex algorithme efficiently maximizes the objective function within the allowable solution space. Created with BioRender.com </p>
+ alt="Example Network" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img-smaller">
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 4:</b> The Simplex algorithm efficiently maximizes the objective function within the allowable solution space. Created with BioRender.com </p>
</div>
<div>
<p>
@@ -337,7 +335,7 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
</div>
<div class="col-lg-7 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/img-2-1.png" alt="Alginate Metabolic Pathway"
- class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
+ class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%; padding-top: 10px;">
<p><b>Figure 6:</b> Metabolic pathway of alginate of <i>P. putida</i> KT2440. Visualization was generated
using the Escher tool. </p>
</div>
@@ -608,7 +606,7 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/3-3-kt2440-lb-cell-alg-bm.png"
alt="Cost of Biofilm Components in LB Medium" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 12:</b> Cellulose and alginate production have a molinear effect on biomass production. This might have to do with the complexity of the medium</p>
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 12:</b> Cellulose and alginate production have a nolinear effect on biomass production. This might have to do with the complexity of the medium.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mt-4">
@@ -636,17 +634,17 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<div class="row mt-4">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1 image-model">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/3-3-kt2440-soil-cell-alg-bm.png"
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/soil-f.webp"
alt="Cost of Biofilm Components in Soil Medium" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
<p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 13:</b> Cellulose and alginate production have a rather linear impact on biomass in soil.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/3-3-kt2440-rhiz-cell-alg-bm.png"
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/rhizosphere-f.webp"
alt="Cost of Biofilm Components in Rhizosphere Medium" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
<p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 14:</b> Cellulose and alginate production have a rather linear impact on biomass in the rhizosphere.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-3 order-md-3 image-model">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/3-3-kt2440-drought-cell-alg-bm.png"
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/drought-f.webp"
alt="Cost of Biofilm Components in Drought Medium" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
<p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 15:</b> Cellulose and alginate production have a rather linear impact on biomass under drought conditions.</p>
</div>
@@ -666,9 +664,8 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<p>
Interestingly, when optimizing the biomass function, we observed that <i>P. putida</i> KT2440 does not take
up water across different conditions, which explains its resilience to drought.
- This observation is based on the analysis of metabolites taken up and secreted under varying conditions <a
- href="https://gitlab.igem.org/2024/software-tools/uzurich" class="hyperlink-under">Link</a>(Link to
- table in repository - FBA_different_conditions.xlsx)).
+ This observation is based on the analysis of metabolites taken up and secreted under varying conditions (<a
+ href="https://gitlab.igem.org/2024/software-tools/uzurich" class="hyperlink-under">Link to repository - see FBA_different_conditions.xlsx</a>).
This may seem surprising, but they align with the assumptions and constraints established within our model.
Additionally, we found that amino acids serve as the sole nitrogen sources for the bacteria, highlighting a
strong dependence on them, as they also play a major role in carbon flux.
@@ -933,12 +930,12 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/4-1-kt2440-phosphorus.png"
alt="Effect of Phosphorus Availability on Biomass" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 17:</b> Phosphorous saturated very quickly.</p>
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 17:</b> Phosphorus saturated very quickly.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/4-1-kt2440-potassium.png"
alt="Effect of Potassium Availabilitv on Biomass" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 18:</b> Potessium saturated very quickly.</p>
+ <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 18:</b> Potassium saturated very quickly.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -974,17 +971,17 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/4-1-kt2440-phe.png"
alt="Effect of Phenylalanine Availability on Biomass" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 21:</b> Phenylalanin, as an amino acid, improves biomass production over a large range.</p>
+ <p style="padding-left:3px; padding-right:5px;"><b>Figure 21:</b> Phenylalanine, as an amino acid, improves biomass production over a large range.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/4-1-kt2440-trp.png"
alt="Effect of Tryptophan Availability on Biomass" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>figure 22:</b> Tryptophan, as an amino acid, improves biomass production over a large range.</p>
+ <p style="padding-left:3px; padding-right:5px;"><b>Figure 22:</b> Tryptophan, as an amino acid, improves biomass production over a large range.</p>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-3 order-md-3 image-model">
<img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/4-1-kt2440-spmd.png"
alt="Effect of Spermidine Availability on Biomass" class="img-fluid" style="width: 100%;">
- <p style="text-align:center;"><b>Figure 23:</b> Spermidine, as a polysaccharide, enhances biomass production across a wide range of conditions.</p>
+ <p style="padding-left:3px; padding-right:5px;"><b>Figure 23:</b> Spermidine, as a polysaccharide, enhances biomass production across a wide range of conditions.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -994,7 +991,7 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
frequent applications. <br>
Instead, we recommend applying a highly concentrated version of our product as close to the roots as
possible to enhance the likelihood of colonization, rather than relying on extensive nutrient
- supplementation
+ supplementation.
</p>
</div>
@@ -1006,7 +1003,7 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
As it is impossible to perfectly replicate real-world conditions in a model, we made assumptions to
approximate the system. <br>
First we adopted the standard assumptions used in FBA (<a href="#section-2" class="hyperlink-under">See
- section 0</a>).
+ What is Flux Balance Analysis</a>).
These include the implicit assumption that the metabolic network underlying the model is comprehensive
enough to accurately represent our organism of interest,
<i>P. sp.</i> IsoF and the steady-state assumption necessary to solve the linear programming problem in FBA.
@@ -1039,8 +1036,8 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<p>
Throughout the modeling of RhyzUp, we made several key observations, which we would like to highlight and
summarize in this section.
- Utilizing FBA to assess the cost of hyper-robust biofilm production proved to be a valuable approach <a
- href="#section-0" class="hyperlink-under">See Aim</a>.
+ Utilizing FBA to assess the cost of hyper-robust biofilm production proved to be a valuable approach (<a
+ href="#section-0" class="hyperlink-under">See Aim</a>).
</p>
<p>
In the first stage of our project, we demonstrated that biofilm production is metabolically costly for
@@ -1101,8 +1098,8 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
<h2>Outlook</h2>
<hr>
<p>
- To improve on the limitations outlined earlier <a href="#section-13" class="hyperlink-under">See
- Limitations</a>, future research should prioritize the development of a GEM for <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i>
+ To improve on the limitations outlined earlier (<a href="#section-13" class="hyperlink-under">See
+ Limitations</a>), future research should prioritize the development of a GEM for <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i>
IsoF and focus on collecting more experimental data under defined conditions, including soil, rhizosphere,
drought, and potentially biofilm environments.
Given the inherent heterogeneity of soil ecosystems, we recommend repeating the experiments from stages 3
@@ -1140,6 +1137,13 @@ https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-022-01209-6"}
</p>
</div>
+ <div class="row mt-4 image-model">
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/model/5-2-competitiontest-cell.webp"
+ alt="Dependence of Biomass Production on Cellulose Excretion in the Rhizosphere" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img">
+ <p><b>Figure 24:</b> <i>P. putida</i> KT2440 shows a metabolic competition advantage to two other soil bacteria even when producing biofilm component cellulose.</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+
<!-- References-->
<div class="container-references">
<div class="row mt-4">
diff --git a/wiki/pages/notebook.html b/wiki/pages/notebook.html
index 427e1f6b3f6e371653765beecc4fee9c5c390a29..3d5fe4667f8e23133728b17321b703fa6d2b4135 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/notebook.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/notebook.html
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@
<div class="col-lg-12">
<h3>Week 4</h3>
<h4> 29.7 – 2.8</h4>
- <h5>Golden Gate Level 10</h5>
+ <h5>Golden Gate Level 1</h5>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row mt-0">
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@
<!-- Week 10 -->
<div class="week-box" id="week-11">
<h3>Week 10</h3>
- <h4>15.7 – 19.7</h4>
+ <h4>9.9 – 13.9</h4>
<h5>Golden Gate Cloning</h5>
<p>
The colony PCR of last week’s Golden Gate assembly indicated that the cloning didn’t work.
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
<!-- Week 12 -->
<div class="week-box" id="week-13">
- <h3>Week 13</h3>
+ <h3>Week 12</h3>
<h4>23.9 – 27.9</h4>
<h5>C-di-GMP Assay</h5>
<p>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/parts.html b/wiki/pages/parts.html
index 411b56e8349910e3d10a38289d38ee1cb3c9094c..2d1fcee1db4e6ff0f6a3cae66928568b8930b0d2 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/parts.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/parts.html
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
<td><img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/parts/bba-k5250012-right.png" alt="BBa_K5250012" width="250"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
- <td>Composite Level 1</td>
+ <td>Composite Level 2</td>
<td><a href="https://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K5250013" class="hyperlink-under">BBa_K5250013</a></td>
<td>pT12Rhyz01</td>
<td>Constitutive promoter, XutR + Pxut, GFP</td>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/safety.html b/wiki/pages/safety.html
index 1f14f3e649e2615cd696c0b4fc013dd28453ec08..10a41f51010c67ba562fe55da1c776915deaebb7 100644
--- a/wiki/pages/safety.html
+++ b/wiki/pages/safety.html
@@ -27,20 +27,20 @@
</div>
</div>
-<div class="row">
- <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-12">
- <div class="contribution-box" style="height: 300px;">
+<div class="row mt-4">
+ <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-12">
+ <div class="contribution-box">
<h3>Our chassis</h3>
<p>
As our chassis, we chose <i>Pseudomonas species</i> IsoF due to its biological advantages and the practicality of our host lab already working with it.
Our strain is not considered pathogenic or harmful to humans or animals, but its relatedness to <i>Pseudomonas aeroguinosa</i>, an opportunistic phytopathogen, and its ability to actively protect the host plant from a plethora of phytopathogens, made us unsure of our strain’s classification.<a href="#ref1">1</a><sup>,</sup><a href="#ref2">2</a>
We consulted iGEM and were assured that our strain is considered part of Risk Group 1, which did not need a check-in form.
- For more details on why we chose our chassis <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='description') }}" class="hyperlink-under">visit our Biological Background page</a>.
+ For more details on why we chose our chassis visit our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='description') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Project Description page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-12">
- <div class="contribution-box" style="height: 300px;">
+ <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-12">
+ <div class="contribution-box">
<h3>Our plants</h3>
<p>
Other than <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF, we made use of MicroTom (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) plants in the testing of our product.
@@ -50,83 +50,89 @@
</div>
</div>
-
-<div class="contribution-box">
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-12">
- <h3>Environmental Safety</h3>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1">
- <p>
- Even though we did not release any biological material (including our GMOs) from our lab, our project does aim to implement our bacterium in fields, exposing the environment to it.
- It is therefore crucial to address the safety aspects of applying our GMO.
- </p>
- <p>
- At the current stage, the nationwide moratorium on GMOs in Switzerland would significantly complicate the field testing and application of our product<a href="#ref3">3</a>.
- However, as of 2024, the longevity of this law is under discussion.
- To find out more about the implications of the moratorium on our project, visit our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='parts') }}" class="hyperlink-under">page Implementation and Entrepreneurship</a>.
- Regardless, our product accounts for a safe application and prevents a release beyond containment through several approaches:
- </p>
- </div>
- <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2">
- <div class="image-model">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-1-min.jpg" alt="Security fence at Swiss Agroscope “Protected Site" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 100%;">
- <p>Security fence at Swiss Agroscope “Protected Site†GMO testing facility in Reckenholz</p>
+<div class="row mt-4">
+ <div class="col-lg-12">
+ <div class="contribution-box">
+ <div class="row">
+ <div class="col-lg-12">
+ <h3>Environmental Safety</h3>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="row">
+ <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-1">
+ <p>
+ Even though we did not release any biological material (including our GMOs) from our lab, our project does aim to implement our bacterium in fields, exposing the environment to it.
+ It is therefore crucial to address the safety aspects of applying our GMO.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ At the current stage, the nationwide moratorium on GMOs in Switzerland would significantly complicate the field testing and application of our product<a href="#ref3">3</a>.
+ However, as of 2024, the longevity of this law is under discussion.
+ To find out more about the implications of the moratorium on our project, visit our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Implementation and Entrepreneurship page</a>.
+ Regardless, our product accounts for a safe application and prevents a release beyond containment through several approaches:
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-2">
+ <div class="image-model">
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-1-min.jpg" alt="Security fence at Swiss Agroscope “Protected Site" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 100%;">
+ <p>Security fence at Swiss Agroscope “Protected Site†GMO testing facility in Reckenholz</p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="row">
+ <div class="col-12">
+ <p><b>Killswitch:</b> An important part of RhyzUp is our antitoxin-toxin based Killswitch. This part of our construct ensures the bacteria stays contained in the deliberately inoculated plant’s rhizosphere, as the survival of the bacteria is directly linked to its direct sensing of the plant roots.
+ To learn the specifics of our Killswitch system and how we developed and tested it visit our <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='engineering') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Engineering page</a>.</p>
+
+ <p><b><i>P. sp.</i> IsoF - a rhizosphere regulator:</b> Though known for its competitiveness and ability to protect crops against pathogenic microbes, partially through active killing, our bacteria has a positive environmental impact. As RhyzUp de-deseritfies soil, it aids in the re-stabilization of a healthy rhizobiome, potentially boosting microbial diversity. These benefits would be most prevalent when implemented in controlled, closed system fields, such as greenhouses, or soils with a poor microbial diversity.
+ To learn more about our plans of implementation visit our<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Implementation and Entrepreneurship page</a>.</p>
+
+ <p><b>Spread of antimicrobial resistances:</b> In order to stop the potential horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes through our plasmid’s backbones, we plan to integrate all our parts in our chassi’s genome in the future.</p>
+ </div>
</div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-12">
- <p><b>Killswitch:</b> An important part of RhyzUp is our antitoxin-toxin based Killswitch. This part of our construct ensures the bacteria stays contained in the deliberately inoculated plant’s rhizosphere, as the survival of the bacteria is directly linked to its direct sensing of the plant roots.
- To learn the specifics of our Killswitch system and how we developed and tested it visit our Engineering page (link to page).</p>
-
- <p><b><i>P. sp.</i> IsoF - a rhizosphere regulator:</b> Though known for its competitiveness and ability to protect crops against pathogenic microbes, partially through active killing, our bacteria has a positive environmental impact. As RhyzUp de-deseritfies soil, it aids in the re-stabilization of a healthy rhizobiome, potentially boosting microbial diversity. These benefits would be most prevalent when implemented in controlled, closed system fields, such as greenhouses, or soils with a poor microbial diversity.
- To learn more about our plans of implementation <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='parts') }}" class="hyperlink-under">visit our Implementation and Entrepreneurship page</a>.</p>
-
- <p><b>Spread of antimicrobial resistances:</b> In order to stop the potential horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes through our plasmid’s backbones, we plan to integrate all our parts in our chassi’s genome in the future.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
-
-<div class="contribution-box">
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-12">
- <h3>Biosafety Level 2 lab</h3>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-1">
- <div class="image-model">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-2-min.jpg" alt="Mattia working under the laminar flow hood adhering to BSL2 regulations" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 100%;">
- <p>
- Mattia working under the laminar flow hood adhering to BSL2 regulations
- </p>
+<div class="row mt-4">
+ <div class="col-lg-12">
+ <div class="contribution-box">
+ <div class="row">
+ <div class="col-12">
+ <h3>Biosafety Level 2 lab</h3>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="row">
+ <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-2 order-md-1">
+ <div class="image-model">
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-2-min.jpg" alt="Mattia working under the laminar flow hood adhering to BSL2 regulations" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 100%;">
+ <p>
+ Mattia working under the laminar flow hood adhering to BSL2 regulations
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-2">
+ <p>
+ During the whole duration of our project we complied to iGEM’s, our University’s and our host lab’s rules and policies.
+ As our host lab was classified as a biosafety level 2 lab, we adhered to their rules and regulations, ensuring the safety of our work and the containment of any materials from the outside environment.
+ After absolving a safety introduction from the lab, every wet lab member had to give their credentials and sign safety forms.
+ The lab was under restricted access and team members were only allowed in the lab with the presence of a host lab PhD student or postdoc.
+ Wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as lab coats and closed footwear was mandatory.
+ We ensured sterile conditions by working under bunsen burners and laminar flow hoods.
+ All surfaces were routinely decontaminated with 70% ethanol and hands were periodically washed.
+ All waste was autoclaved according to BSL2 regulations before being disposed of appropriately.
+ Find more information on our safe lab techniques in our <a href="https://teams.igem.org/5250/safety/74a59fdc-35c7-4567-86fd-3bea339286b0" class="hyperlink-under">safety</a>
+ on our <a href="https://teams.igem.org/5250/safety/74a59fdc-35c7-4567-86fd-3bea339286b0" class="hyperlink-under">Team page</a>.
+ </p>
+ </div>
+ </div>
+ <div class="row mt-0">
+ <div class="col-12">
+ <p>
+ <b>Antimicrobial resistance policy:</b> The antimicrobial resistances used as tools, mainly for plasmid selection, were approved by our lab and iGEM, and were used according to the rules and regulations of our institute.
+ </p>
+ </div>
</div>
- </div>
- <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-6 col-sm-12 order-1 order-md-2">
- <p>
- During the whole duration of our project we complied to iGEM’s, our University’s and our host lab’s rules and policies.
- As our host lab was classified as a biosafety level 2 lab, we adhered to their rules and regulations, ensuring the safety of our work and the containment of any materials from the outside environment.
- After absolving a safety introduction from the lab, every wet lab member had to give their credentials and sign safety forms.
- The lab was under restricted access and team members were only allowed in the lab with the presence of a host lab PhD student or postdoc.
- Wearing appropriate personal protective equipment such as lab coats and closed footwear was mandatory.
- We ensured sterile conditions by working under bunsen burners and laminar flow hoods.
- All surfaces were routinely decontaminated with 70% ethanol and hands were periodically washed.
- All waste was autoclaved according to BSL2 regulations before being disposed of appropriately.
- Find more information on our safe lab techniques in our <a href="https://teams.igem.org/5250/safety/74a59fdc-35c7-4567-86fd-3bea339286b0" class="hyperlink-under">safety</a>
- on our <a href="https://teams.igem.org/5250/safety/74a59fdc-35c7-4567-86fd-3bea339286b0" class="hyperlink-under">Team page</a>.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="row mt-0">
- <div class="col-12">
- <p>
- <b>Antimicrobial resistance policy:</b> The antimicrobial resistances used as tools, mainly for plasmid selection, were approved by our lab and iGEM, and were used according to the rules and regulations of our institute.
- </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -155,7 +161,7 @@
</div>
<div class="row mt-0">
- <div class="col-lg-4 col-md-3 col-sm-12">
+ <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-3 col-sm-12">
<div class="contribution-box" style="height: 550px;">
<h3>Written consent</h3>
<p>
@@ -165,19 +171,19 @@
</p>
</div>
</div>
- <div class="col-lg-8 col-md-5 col-sm-12">
+ <div class="col-lg-9 col-md-9 col-sm-12">
<div class="contribution-box" style="height: 550px;">
<h3>Political awareness</h3>
<div class="image-description">
- <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-3-min.jpg" alt="Discussion on the topic “designer babies†at our lab workshop for highschool students" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto" style="width: 50%;">
- <p>
+ <img src="https://static.igem.wiki/teams/5250/project/safety/s-3-min.jpg" alt="Discussion on the topic “designer babies†at our lab workshop for highschool students" class="img-fluid d-block mx-auto responsive-img-smaller">
+ <p style="text-align:center">
Discussion on the topic “designer babies†at our lab workshop for highschool students
</p>
</div>
<p>
As mentioned in Environmental safety, the use of GMOs and the study of synthetic biology are topics of political debate globally as well as locally in Switzerland.
We were cautious not to display any political opinions toward the matter. This applies especially to our wiki, lecture series, educational visits to schools and our lab workshop.
- To find out more about the educational aspect of our project <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='parts') }}" class="hyperlink-under">check out our Education page</a>.
+ To find out more about the educational aspect of our project check out our<a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='parts') }}" class="hyperlink-under"> Education page</a>.
</p>
</div>
</div>
diff --git a/wiki/pages/sustainable.html b/wiki/pages/sustainable.html
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<p>
Using symbiotic rhizobacteria, as we do, is very cheap and easy to implement.
There are several potential implementations of RhyzUp that make use of existing technology, which means that using our rhizobacteria would be a very accessible way for farmers to combat water scarcity.
- This knowledge can be found in the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">chapter Entrepreneurship and Implementation of the Human Practices Folder</a>.
+ This knowledge can be found on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Entrepreneurship and Implementation page </a> in the Human Practices folder.
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<p>
In addition, Rahel Emmenegger informed us that not all crops are equally sensitive to drought.
@@ -171,11 +171,11 @@
Parts of southern Ethiopia are currently facing one of the most severe droughts on record, leading to huge deficiencies in crop and livestock production.<a href="#ref6">6</a>
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<p>
- Our interview with Dr. Mosisa Wakjira, a Wageningen-based researcher focusing on agrometeorology and its implications for sustainable agriculture in Ethiopia, provided valuable information for understanding Ethiopia's agrometeorology like the impact of rainfall variability on Ethiopian agriculture.
+ Our interview with Dr. Mosisa Wakjira, a Wageningen-based researcher focusing on agrometeorology and its implications for sustainable agriculture in Ethiopia, provided valuable information for understanding the impact of rainfall variability on Ethiopian agriculture.
Understanding water availability in an East African country helped us broaden our picture of drought and its impact on the local farming systems.
</p>
<p>
- For the full interviews, take a look at the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews</a> subpage of Human Practices.
+ For the full interviews, take a look at the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews</a> page of Human Practices.
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<p>
Approximately 95% of Ethiopia's arable land is rain-fed. This means that crop production is almost entirely dependent on rainfall without the possibility of irrigation.
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
Additional technologies and improved agricultural practices are needed to combat water scarcity.
RhyzUp offers a promising solution as farmers would not need to invest in new equipment to apply our <i>P. sp.</i> IsoF strain and could use existing application methods.
This facilitates working towards target 2.4.
- The exact means of implementation are described on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Entrepreneurship and Implementation subpage of the Human Practices page</a>.
+ The exact means of implementation are described on the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='entrepreneurship') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Entrepreneurship and Implementation page</a>.
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@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
Per unit area, irrigated agriculture is much more productive than rainfed agriculture.<a href="#ref8">8</a>
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<p>
- Currently, much of the world's cropland is shifting from rainfed to irrigated,which has important implications for watersheds, water quality, and quantity<a href="#ref9">9</a>.
+ Currently, much of the world's cropland is shifting from rainfed to irrigated, which has important implications for watersheds, water quality, and quantity<a href="#ref9">9</a>.
70% of freshwater is already used for agriculture, and the increasing popularity of irrigated agriculture is one of the main drivers of global freshwater demand.
This poses a sustainability issue, as global freshwater resources are limited. For example, the freshwater consumption of Saudi-Arabia was more than nine times higher than their annual renewable freshwater resources in 2020.<a href="#ref10">10</a>
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@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@
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<p>
Target 3.9 reads: “By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contaminationâ€.<a href="#ref21">21</a>
- This target is addressed by RhyzUp, as the symbiosis between our Pseudomonas strain and the plant promises to improve the plant's resistance to pathogens, potentially leading to a reduction in the use of chemical pesticides if properly implemented.
+ This target is addressed by RhyzUp, as the symbiosis between our <i>Pseudomonas</i> strain and the plant promises to improve the plant's resistance to pathogens, potentially leading to a reduction in the use of chemical pesticides if properly implemented.
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@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@
Pesticides are a topic of ogoing debate, and with yields and incomes at risk, farmers may not be able to consider alternatives to chemical pesticides, depending on the crops they grow and the methods they use.
With this in mind, we as a team were convinced that developing alternatives to chemical pesticides is critical not only for biodiversity and the conservation of endangered species but also for human health and well-being.
To better understand the options available to farmers in Switzerland today, we spoke with Fritz Meier, a local crop grower; Vivienne Oggier, who works as a crop protection and pest control advisor at the Agricultural Center in Saint Gall, Switzerland; and Rahel Emmenegger, who represents cereal, oilseed and protein crop growers.
- For the full interviews go see the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">subpage “Interviews†of Human Practices</a>.
+ For the full interviews go see the <a href="{{ url_for('pages', page='interviews') }}" class="hyperlink-under">Interviews page</a> of Human Practices.
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<p>
Fritz Meier said that in extreme cases, chemical pesticides are the only way to ensure the survival of his crops and prevent huge yield losses.
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<p>
Runoff of phosphate and nitrogen compounds from agricultural fertilizers increases eutrophication.<a href="#ref38">38</a>
Eutrophication is a process in which plants and algae grow excessively on surface waters.
- It reduces sunlight penetration to the lower layers of water, which reduces photosynthesis in submerged aquatic plants, leads to lower levels of dissolved oxygen, which kills aquatic organisms such as fish that serve as food for many other organisms and leads to the production of toxins by cyanobacteria.
+ It reduces sunlight penetration to the lower layers of water, which reduces photosynthesis in submerged aquatic plants, leads to lower levels of dissolved oxygen, which kills aquatic organisms such as fish that serve as food for many other organisms, and leads to the production of toxins by cyanobacteria.
Eutrophication is often associated with a loss of biodiversity.<a href="#ref39">39</a>
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